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����ر齬 I ���� No.9
�����ִġפȤ�����ñ�̸�����IJĴ��ĤǤ���Ȥ����ִĤν�Ʊ���פ�
ñ�̸����ݤĤ�Τ�����ͤ��뤳�Ȥˤ��ޤ���
��� 9.1
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�����ʬ���(unique factorization domain:UFD) �Ǥ���Ȥϡ�
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��Ǥ�դθ�
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���Ǹ����Ѥ�
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($"
$p_1,...,p_k$ �� $R$ ���Ǹ�
�Τ褦�˽񤱤�Ȥ��˸����ޤ���
(
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����ˤ�Ʊ����Τ����äƤ�褤��)
��� 9.2
����
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�� ñ�।�ǥ������� (principal ideal domain:PID) �Ǥ���Ȥϡ�
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�Τ��٤ƤΥ��ǥ��뤬ñ�।�ǥ���(��Ĥθ�����������륤�ǥ���)�Ǥ���Ȥ��˸����ޤ���
���줫��ä��δ� (3�󤰤餤)��Σ��ĤΥ����פδĤ�����ˤʤ�ޤ�������Ū�ˤϡ�
ED
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PID
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UFD
�Ȥ������¤ȡ����㡢���������ΰ�̣��ʬ��褦�ˤʤ�� OK �Ǥ���
�ޤ���˾夲������Τ����δ��Ĥ����Ѹ�˴ؤ������꤫��Ϥ�ޤ���
���� 9.1 (���󽸹������γ�ǧ)
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��桼����å�����Ȥ���
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�����
9.3 �˽ФƤ�������Ȥ��ޤ������λ���Ǥ�դ�
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����ʬ����
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���Ф��ơ�
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����ǽŤ����Ǿ��Τ��(�ְ��ַڤ���Ρ�)�����뤳�Ȥ򼨤��ʤ�����
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���� 9.2
�桼����å������ñ�।�ǥ�������Ǥ��뤳�Ȥ򼨤��ʤ�����(�ҥ�ȡ�
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��桼����å�����Ȥ���
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�򤽤Υ��ǥ���ΰ�ĤȤ��ޤ���
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�ʤ�ñ�� (0
�����������)�ΤǤ褤��
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$ I \neq 0$"
�ʤ顢
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�θ��Τ��������ַڤ�����ȤäƤߤʤ�����)
���� 9.3
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�ϥ桼����å�����Ǥ��뤳�Ȥ�����˱�äƼ����ʤ�����
���� 9.4
��
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��ΰ��ѿ�¿�༰��
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�ϥ桼����å�����Ǥ��뤳�Ȥ�����˱�äƼ����ʤ�����
���� 9.5
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$ \omega=\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2}$"
(���λ��躬�ΰ��)�Ȥ���Ȥ���
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![$ [\omega]$](img38.png)
���ΤǤ��뤳�Ȥ򼨤��ʤ�����
���� 9.6
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$ {\mbox{${\mathbb{Z}}$}}[\sqrt{-1}]$](img39.png)
�ϡֽŤߴؿ���
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��������뤳�Ȥˤ�ꡢ�桼����åɴĤȤʤ뤳�Ȥ򼨤��ʤ�����(�ҥ�ȡ�
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$ \alpha,\beta \in {\mbox{${\mathbb{Z}}$}}[\sqrt{-1}], \beta \neq 0$](img48.png)
�Ȥ���Ȥ���
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��
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�dz�ä��������ˤϡ�
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$ {\mbox{${\mathbb{Z}}$}}[\sqrt{-1}]$](img52.png)
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���� 9.8
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$ \omega=\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2}$"
(
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�λ��躬�ΰ��) �Ȥ��ޤ������ΤȤ���
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�ϥ桼����åɴĤǤ��뤳�Ȥ򼨤��ʤ�����
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2014-12-19